// For flags

CVE-2015-10141

Xdebug Remote Debugger Unauthenticated OS Command Execution

Severity Score

9.3
*CVSS v4

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

1
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

Attend
*SSVC
Descriptions

An unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists within Xdebug versions 2.5.5 and earlier, a PHP debugging extension developed by Derick Rethans. When remote debugging is enabled, Xdebug listens on port 9000 and accepts debugger protocol commands without authentication. An attacker can send a crafted eval command over this interface to execute arbitrary PHP code, which may invoke system-level functions such as system() or passthru(). This results in full compromise of the host under the privileges of the web server user.

*Credits: Ricter Zheng
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
System
Vulnerable | Subsequent
Confidentiality
High
None
Integrity
High
None
Availability
High
None
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
Complete
Integrity
Complete
Availability
Complete
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:Attend
Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
Yes
Tech. Impact
Total
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2025-07-22 CVE Reserved
  • 2025-07-23 CVE Published
  • 2025-07-23 CVE Updated
  • 2025-07-23 First Exploit
  • 2025-08-17 EPSS Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
CWE
  • CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  • CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CAPEC
  • CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection
  • CAPEC-137: Parameter Injection
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
Xdebug
Search vendor "Xdebug"
 Xdebug
Search vendor "Xdebug" for product "Xdebug"
 <= 2.5.5
Search vendor "Xdebug" for product "Xdebug" and version " <= 2.5.5"
en
Affected