// For flags

CVE-2021-25216

A second vulnerability in BIND's GSSAPI security policy negotiation can be targeted by a buffer overflow attack

Severity Score

9.8
*CVSS v3.1

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

0
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

-
*SSVC
Descriptions

In BIND 9.5.0 -> 9.11.29, 9.12.0 -> 9.16.13, and versions BIND 9.11.3-S1 -> 9.11.29-S1 and 9.16.8-S1 -> 9.16.13-S1 of BIND Supported Preview Edition, as well as release versions 9.17.0 -> 9.17.1 of the BIND 9.17 development branch, BIND servers are vulnerable if they are running an affected version and are configured to use GSS-TSIG features. In a configuration which uses BIND's default settings the vulnerable code path is not exposed, but a server can be rendered vulnerable by explicitly setting values for the tkey-gssapi-keytab or tkey-gssapi-credential configuration options. Although the default configuration is not vulnerable, GSS-TSIG is frequently used in networks where BIND is integrated with Samba, as well as in mixed-server environments that combine BIND servers with Active Directory domain controllers. For servers that meet these conditions, the ISC SPNEGO implementation is vulnerable to various attacks, depending on the CPU architecture for which BIND was built: For named binaries compiled for 64-bit platforms, this flaw can be used to trigger a buffer over-read, leading to a server crash. For named binaries compiled for 32-bit platforms, this flaw can be used to trigger a server crash due to a buffer overflow and possibly also to achieve remote code execution. We have determined that standard SPNEGO implementations are available in the MIT and Heimdal Kerberos libraries, which support a broad range of operating systems, rendering the ISC implementation unnecessary and obsolete. Therefore, to reduce the attack surface for BIND users, we will be removing the ISC SPNEGO implementation in the April releases of BIND 9.11 and 9.16 (it had already been dropped from BIND 9.17). We would not normally remove something from a stable ESV (Extended Support Version) of BIND, but since system libraries can replace the ISC SPNEGO implementation, we have made an exception in this case for reasons of stability and security.

En BIND versiones 9.5.0 posteriores a 9.11.29, versiones 9.12.0 posteriores a 9.16.13, y BIND versiones 9.11.3-S1 posteriores a 9.11.29-S1 y versiones 9.16.8-S1 posteriores a 9.16.13-S1 de BIND Supported Preview Edition, así como las versiones 9.17.0 posteriores 9.17.1 de la rama de desarrollo BIND 9.17, los servidores BIND son vulnerables si ejecutan una versión afectada y están configurados para usar las funcionalidades GSS-TSIG. En una configuración que usa la configuración predeterminada de BIND, la ruta del código vulnerable no está expuesta, pero un servidor puede volverse vulnerable al ajustar valores explícitamente para las opciones de configuración tkey-gssapi-keytab o tkey-gssapi-credential. Aunque la configuración predeterminada no es vulnerable, GSS-TSIG es usado con frecuencia en redes donde BIND está integrado con Samba, así como en entornos de servidores mixtos que combinan servidores BIND con controladores de dominio de Active Directory. Para los servidores que cumplen con estas condiciones, la implementación de ISC SPNEGO es vulnerable a varios ataques, dependiendo de la arquitectura de la CPU para la que se construyó BIND: Para binarios con nombre compilados para plataformas de 64 bits, este fallo puede ser usado para desencadenar una sobrelectura del búfer, conllevando a un bloqueo del servidor. Para binarios con nombre compilados para plataformas de 32 bits, este fallo puede ser usado para desencadenar un bloqueo del servidor debido a un desbordamiento del búfer y posiblemente también para lograr la Ejecución de Código Remota. Hemos determinado que las implementaciones estándar de SPNEGO están disponibles en las bibliotecas MIT y Heimdal Kerberos, que admiten una amplia gama de sistemas operativos, lo que hace que la implementación de ISC sea innecesaria y obsoleta. Por lo tanto, para reducir la superficie de ataque para los usuarios de BIND, eliminaremos la implementación de ISC SPNEGO en las versiones de abril de BIND 9.11 y 9. 16 (ya se había eliminado de BIND 9.17). Normalmente no eliminaríamos algo de una ESV (versión de soporte extendido) estable de BIND, pero dado que las bibliotecas del sistema pueden reemplazar la implementación de ISC SPNEGO, hemos hecho una excepción en este caso por razones de estabilidad y seguridad

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of ISC BIND. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of TKEY queries. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in an integer overflow before allocating a buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the "bind" user.

*Credits: ISC would like to thank an anonymous party, working in conjunction with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative, for reporting this issue to us.
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Medium
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
Partial
Integrity
Partial
Availability
Partial
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:-
Exploitation
-
Automatable
-
Tech. Impact
-
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2021-01-15 CVE Reserved
  • 2021-04-29 CVE Published
  • 2024-05-15 EPSS Updated
  • 2024-09-16 CVE Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
  • ---------- First Exploit
CWE
  • CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
CAPEC
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
Aff A250 Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "Aff A250 Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
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Aff A250
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "Aff A250"
--
Safe
Netapp
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Aff 500f Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "Aff 500f Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
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Aff 500f
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "Aff 500f"
--
Safe
Netapp
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H300s Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H300s Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H300s
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H300s"
--
Safe
Netapp
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H500s Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H500s Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H500s
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H500s"
--
Safe
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H700s Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H700s Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H700s
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H700s"
--
Safe
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H300e Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H300e Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H300e
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H300e"
--
Safe
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H500e Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H500e Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H500e
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H500e"
--
Safe
Netapp
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H700e Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H700e Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H700e
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H700e"
--
Safe
Netapp
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H410s Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H410s Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
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H410s
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H410s"
--
Safe
Debian
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Debian Linux
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9.0
Search vendor "Debian" for product "Debian Linux" and version "9.0"
-
Affected
Debian
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Debian Linux
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10.0
Search vendor "Debian" for product "Debian Linux" and version "10.0"
-
Affected
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
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>= 9.0.0 < 9.11.31
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version " >= 9.0.0 < 9.11.31"
-
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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>= 9.12.0 < 9.16.15
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version " >= 9.12.0 < 9.16.15"
-
Affected
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
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>= 9.17.0 < 9.17.12
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version " >= 9.17.0 < 9.17.12"
-
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.9.3
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s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.9.12
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.9.12"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.9.13
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.9.13"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.10.5
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.10.5"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.10.7
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.10.7"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.3
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.3"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.5
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.5"
s3, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.5
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.5"
s5, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.5
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.5"
s6, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.6
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.6"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.7
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.7"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.8
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.8"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.12
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.12"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.21
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.21"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.27
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.27"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.11.29
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.11.29"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind"
9.16.8
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.16.8"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
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Bind
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9.16.11
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.16.11"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind"
9.16.13
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version "9.16.13"
s1, supported_preview
Affected
Siemens
Search vendor "Siemens"
Sinec Infrastructure Network Services
Search vendor "Siemens" for product "Sinec Infrastructure Network Services"
< 1.0.1.1
Search vendor "Siemens" for product "Sinec Infrastructure Network Services" and version " < 1.0.1.1"
-
Affected
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
Active Iq Unified Manager
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "Active Iq Unified Manager"
-vsphere
Affected
Netapp
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Cloud Backup
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "Cloud Backup"
--
Affected