// For flags

CVE-2023-23934

Wrkzeug's incorrect parsing of nameless cookies leads to __Host- cookies bypass

Severity Score

3.5
*CVSS v3.1

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

0
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

Track
*SSVC
Descriptions

Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. Browsers may allow "nameless" cookies that look like `=value` instead of `key=value`. A vulnerable browser may allow a compromised application on an adjacent subdomain to exploit this to set a cookie like `=__Host-test=bad` for another subdomain. Werkzeug prior to 2.2.3 will parse the cookie `=__Host-test=bad` as __Host-test=bad`. If a Werkzeug application is running next to a vulnerable or malicious subdomain which sets such a cookie using a vulnerable browser, the Werkzeug application will see the bad cookie value but the valid cookie key. The issue is fixed in Werkzeug 2.2.3.

A flaw was found in python-werkzeug. Browsers may allow "nameless" cookies like =value instead of key=value. A vulnerable browser may allow a compromised application on an adjacent subdomain to exploit this to set a cookie for another subdomain. If a Werkzeug application is running next to a vulnerable or malicious subdomain that sets such a cookie using a vulnerable browser, the Werkzeug application will see the bad cookie value but the valid cookie key.

It was discovered that Werkzeug did not properly handle the parsing of nameless cookies. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to shadow other cookies. It was discovered that Werkzeug could be made to process unlimited number of multipart form data parts. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Werkzeug to consume resources, leading to a denial of service.

*Credits: N/A
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None
Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None
Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Partial
Availability
None
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:Track
Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Tech. Impact
Partial
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2023-01-19 CVE Reserved
  • 2023-02-14 CVE Published
  • 2025-03-10 CVE Updated
  • 2025-03-30 EPSS Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
  • ---------- First Exploit
CWE
  • CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
CAPEC
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
Palletsprojects
Search vendor "Palletsprojects"
Werkzeug
Search vendor "Palletsprojects" for product "Werkzeug"
< 2.2.3
Search vendor "Palletsprojects" for product "Werkzeug" and version " < 2.2.3"
-
Affected