// For flags

CVE-2023-2828

named's configured cache size limit can be significantly exceeded

Severity Score

7.5
*CVSS v3.1

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

0
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

-
*SSVC
Descriptions

Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit.

It has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded.
This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.

A vulnerability was found in BIND. The effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in named can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured max-cache-size limit to exceed significantly.

*Credits: ISC would like to thank Shoham Danino from Reichman University, Anat Bremler-Barr from Tel-Aviv University, Yehuda Afek from Tel-Aviv University, and Yuval Shavitt from Tel-Aviv University for bringing this vulnerability to our attention.
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:-
Exploitation
-
Automatable
-
Tech. Impact
-
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2023-05-22 CVE Reserved
  • 2023-06-21 CVE Published
  • 2024-08-02 CVE Updated
  • 2024-09-25 EPSS Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
  • ---------- First Exploit
CWE
  • CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CAPEC
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H500s Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H500s Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H500s
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H500s"
--
Safe
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H700s Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H700s Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H700s
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H700s"
--
Safe
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H410s Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H410s Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H410s
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H410s"
--
Safe
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H410c Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H410c Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H410c
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H410c"
--
Safe
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H300s Firmware
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H300s Firmware"
--
Affected
in Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
H300s
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "H300s"
--
Safe
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind"
>= 9.11.0 <= 9.16.41
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version " >= 9.11.0 <= 9.16.41"
-
Affected
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind"
>= 9.11.3 <= 9.16.41
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version " >= 9.11.3 <= 9.16.41"
supported_preview
Affected
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind"
>= 9.18.0 <= 9.18.15
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version " >= 9.18.0 <= 9.18.15"
-
Affected
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind"
>= 9.18.11 <= 9.18.15
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version " >= 9.18.11 <= 9.18.15"
supported_preview
Affected
Isc
Search vendor "Isc"
Bind
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind"
>= 9.19.0 <= 9.19.13
Search vendor "Isc" for product "Bind" and version " >= 9.19.0 <= 9.19.13"
-
Affected
Debian
Search vendor "Debian"
Debian Linux
Search vendor "Debian" for product "Debian Linux"
10.0
Search vendor "Debian" for product "Debian Linux" and version "10.0"
-
Affected
Debian
Search vendor "Debian"
Debian Linux
Search vendor "Debian" for product "Debian Linux"
11.0
Search vendor "Debian" for product "Debian Linux" and version "11.0"
-
Affected
Debian
Search vendor "Debian"
Debian Linux
Search vendor "Debian" for product "Debian Linux"
12.0
Search vendor "Debian" for product "Debian Linux" and version "12.0"
-
Affected
Fedoraproject
Search vendor "Fedoraproject"
Fedora
Search vendor "Fedoraproject" for product "Fedora"
37
Search vendor "Fedoraproject" for product "Fedora" and version "37"
-
Affected
Fedoraproject
Search vendor "Fedoraproject"
Fedora
Search vendor "Fedoraproject" for product "Fedora"
38
Search vendor "Fedoraproject" for product "Fedora" and version "38"
-
Affected
Netapp
Search vendor "Netapp"
Active Iq Unified Manager
Search vendor "Netapp" for product "Active Iq Unified Manager"
-vmware_vsphere
Affected