CVE-2024-26645

tracing: Ensure visibility when inserting an element into tracing_map

Severity Score

4.4

*CVSS v3.1

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

*KEV

Decision

Track

*SSVC

Descriptions

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Ensure visibility when inserting an element into tracing_map Running the following two commands in parallel on a multi-processor
AArch64 machine can sporadically produce an unexpected warning about
duplicate histogram entries: $ while true; do echo hist:key=id.syscall:val=hitcount > \ /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/raw_syscalls/sys_enter/trigger cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/raw_syscalls/sys_enter/hist sleep 0.001 done $ stress-ng --sysbadaddr $(nproc) The warning looks as follows: [ 2911.172474] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 2911.173111] Duplicates detected: 1
[ 2911.173574] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 12247 at kernel/trace/tracing_map.c:983 tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408
[ 2911.174702] Modules linked in: iscsi_ibft(E) iscsi_boot_sysfs(E) rfkill(E) af_packet(E) nls_iso8859_1(E) nls_cp437(E) vfat(E) fat(E) ena(E) tiny_power_button(E) qemu_fw_cfg(E) button(E) fuse(E) efi_pstore(E) ip_tables(E) x_tables(E) xfs(E) libcrc32c(E) aes_ce_blk(E) aes_ce_cipher(E) crct10dif_ce(E) polyval_ce(E) polyval_generic(E) ghash_ce(E) gf128mul(E) sm4_ce_gcm(E) sm4_ce_ccm(E) sm4_ce(E) sm4_ce_cipher(E) sm4(E) sm3_ce(E) sm3(E) sha3_ce(E) sha512_ce(E) sha512_arm64(E) sha2_ce(E) sha256_arm64(E) nvme(E) sha1_ce(E) nvme_core(E) nvme_auth(E) t10_pi(E) sg(E) scsi_mod(E) scsi_common(E) efivarfs(E)
[ 2911.174738] Unloaded tainted modules: cppc_cpufreq(E):1
[ 2911.180985] CPU: 2 PID: 12247 Comm: cat Kdump: loaded Tainted: G E 6.7.0-default #2 1b58bbb22c97e4399dc09f92d309344f69c44a01
[ 2911.182398] Hardware name: Amazon EC2 c7g.8xlarge/, BIOS 1.0 11/1/2018
[ 2911.183208] pstate: 61400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
[ 2911.184038] pc : tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408
[ 2911.184667] lr : tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408
[ 2911.185310] sp : ffff8000a1513900
[ 2911.185750] x29: ffff8000a1513900 x28: ffff0003f272fe80 x27: 0000000000000001
[ 2911.186600] x26: ffff0003f272fe80 x25: 0000000000000030 x24: 0000000000000008
[ 2911.187458] x23: ffff0003c5788000 x22: ffff0003c16710c8 x21: ffff80008017f180
[ 2911.188310] x20: ffff80008017f000 x19: ffff80008017f180 x18: ffffffffffffffff
[ 2911.189160] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: ffff8000a15134b8
[ 2911.190015] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 205d373432323154 x12: 5b5d313131333731
[ 2911.190844] x11: 00000000fffeffff x10: 00000000fffeffff x9 : ffffd1b78274a13c
[ 2911.191716] x8 : 000000000017ffe8 x7 : c0000000fffeffff x6 : 000000000057ffa8
[ 2911.192554] x5 : ffff0012f6c24ec0 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : ffff2e5b72b5d000
[ 2911.193404] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff0003ff254480
[ 2911.194259] Call trace:
[ 2911.194626] tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408
[ 2911.195220] hist_show+0x124/0x800
[ 2911.195692] seq_read_iter+0x1d4/0x4e8
[ 2911.196193] seq_read+0xe8/0x138
[ 2911.196638] vfs_read+0xc8/0x300
[ 2911.197078] ksys_read+0x70/0x108
[ 2911.197534] __arm64_sys_read+0x24/0x38
[ 2911.198046] invoke_syscall+0x78/0x108
[ 2911.198553] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xd0/0xf8
[ 2911.199157] do_el0_svc+0x28/0x40
[ 2911.199613] el0_svc+0x40/0x178
[ 2911.200048] el0t_64_sync_handler+0x13c/0x158
[ 2911.200621] el0t_64_sync+0x1a8/0x1b0
[ 2911.201115] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- The problem appears to be caused by CPU reordering of writes issued from
__tracing_map_insert(). The check for the presence of an element with a given key in this
function is: val = READ_ONCE(entry->val); if (val && keys_match(key, val->key, map->key_size)) ... The write of a new entry is: elt = get_free_elt(map); memcpy(elt->key, key, map->key_size); entry->val = elt; The "memcpy(elt->key, key, map->key_size);" and "entry->val = elt;"
stores may become visible in the reversed order on another CPU. This
second CPU might then incorrectly determine that a new key doesn't match
an already present val->key and subse
---truncated---

En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: rastreo: garantiza la visibilidad al insertar un elemento en tracing_map La ejecución de los siguientes dos comandos en paralelo en una máquina multiprocesador AArch64 puede producir esporádicamente una advertencia inesperada sobre entradas de histograma duplicadas: $ while true ; hacer echo hist:key=id.syscall:val=hitcount > \ /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/raw_syscalls/sys_enter/trigger cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/raw_syscalls/sys_enter/hist sleep 0.001 done $ estrés-ng --sysbadaddr $(nproc) La advertencia tiene el siguiente aspecto: [ 2911.172474] ------------[ cortar aquí ]------------ [ 2911.173111] Duplicados detectados: 1 [2911.173574] ADVERTENCIA: CPU: 2 PID: 12247 en kernel/trace/tracing_map.c:983 tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408 [2911.174702] Módulos vinculados en: iscsi_ibft(E) iscsi_boot_sy sfs(E) rfkill(E ) af_packet(E) nls_iso8859_1(E) nls_cp437(E) vfat(E) fat(E) ena(E) tiny_power_button(E) qemu_fw_cfg(E) botón(E) fusible(E) efi_pstore(E) ip_tables(E) x_tables (E) xfs(E) libcrc32c(E) aes_ce_blk(E) aes_ce_cipher(E) crct10dif_ce(E) polyval_ce(E) polyval_generic(E) ghash_ce(E) gf128mul(E) sm4_ce_gcm(E) sm4_ce_ccm(E) sm4_ce(E ) sm4_ce_cipher(E) sm4(E) sm3_ce(E) sm3(E) sha3_ce(E) sha512_ce(E) sha512_arm64(E) sha2_ce(E) sha256_arm64(E) nvme(E) sha1_ce(E) nvme_core(E) nvme_auth (E) t10_pi(E) sg(E) scsi_mod(E) scsi_common(E) efivarfs(E) [ 2911.174738] Módulos contaminados descargados: cppc_cpufreq(E):1 [ 2911.180985] CPU: 2 PID: 12247 Comm: cat Kdump: cargado Contaminado: GE 6.7.0-default #2 1b58bbb22c97e4399dc09f92d309344f69c44a01 [2911.182398] Nombre de hardware: Amazon EC2 c7g.8xlarge/, BIOS 1.0 1/11/2018 [2911.183208] pstate: 6140 0005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO +DIT - SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 2911.184038] pc : tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408 [ 2911.184667] lr : tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408 [ 2911.185310] sp : ffff8000a1513900 [ 2911.18 5750] x29: ffff8000a1513900 x28: ffff0003f272fe80 x27: 0000000000000001 [ 2911.186600] x26: ffff0003f272fe80 x25: 0000000000000030 x24: 00000000000000008 [ 2911.187458] x23: ffff0003c5788000 x22: ffff0003c16710c8 x21: ffff80008017f180 [ 2911.1883 10] x20: ffff80008017f000 x19: ffff80008017f180 x18: ffffffffffffffff [ 2911.189160] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: ffff8000a151 34b8 [2911.190015] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 205d373432323154 x12: 5b5d313131333731 [ 2911.190844] x11: 00000000fffeffff x10: 00000000fffeffff x9 : ffffd1b78274a13c [ 2911.191716] x8 : 00 0000000017ffe8 x7: c0000000fffeffff x6: 000000000057ffa8 [2911.192554] x5: ffff0012f6c24ec0 x4: 00000000000000000 x3: ffff2e5b72b5d000 [2911.193 404] x2: 0000000000000000 x1: 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff0003ff254480 [2911.194259] Rastreo de llamadas: [2911.194626] tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408 [2911.195220] hist_show+0x124/0x800 [2911.195692] seq_read_iter+0x1d4 /0x4e8 [ 2911.196193] seq_read+0xe8/0x138 [ 2911.196638] vfs_read+0xc8/0x300 [ 2911.197078 ] ksys_read+0x70/0x108 [ 2911.197534] __arm64_sys_read+0x24/0x38 [ 2911.198046] invoke_syscall+0x78/0x108 [ 2911.198553] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xd0/0x f8 [ 2911.199157] do_el0_svc+0x28/0x40 [ 2911.199613] el0_svc+0x40/0x178 [ 2911.200048] el0t_64_sync_handler+0x13c/0x158 [ 2911.200621] el0t_64_sync+0x1a8/0x1b0 [ 2911.201115] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- El problema parece deberse a la reordenación de la CPU de escrituras emitidas desde __tracing_map_insert(). La comprobación de la presencia de un elemento con una clave determinada en esta función es: val = READ_ONCE(entry->val); if (val && llaves_match(key, val->key, map->key_size)) ... La escritura de una nueva entrada es: elt = get_free_elt(map); memcpy(elt->clave, clave, mapa->key_size); entrada->val = elt; El "memcpy(elt->key, key, map->key_size);" y "entrada->val = elt;" Las tiendas pueden volverse visibles en orden inverso en otra CPU.---truncada---

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Ensure visibility when inserting an element into tracing_map Running the following two commands in parallel on a multi-processor AArch64 machine can sporadically produce an unexpected warning about duplicate histogram entries: $ while true; do echo hist:key=id.syscall:val=hitcount > \ /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/raw_syscalls/sys_enter/trigger cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/raw_syscalls/sys_enter/hist sleep 0.001 done $ stress-ng --sysbadaddr $(nproc) The warning looks as follows: [ 2911.172474] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 2911.173111] Duplicates detected: 1 [ 2911.173574] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 12247 at kernel/trace/tracing_map.c:983 tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408 [ 2911.174702] Modules linked in: iscsi_ibft(E) iscsi_boot_sysfs(E) rfkill(E) af_packet(E) nls_iso8859_1(E) nls_cp437(E) vfat(E) fat(E) ena(E) tiny_power_button(E) qemu_fw_cfg(E) button(E) fuse(E) efi_pstore(E) ip_tables(E) x_tables(E) xfs(E) libcrc32c(E) aes_ce_blk(E) aes_ce_cipher(E) crct10dif_ce(E) polyval_ce(E) polyval_generic(E) ghash_ce(E) gf128mul(E) sm4_ce_gcm(E) sm4_ce_ccm(E) sm4_ce(E) sm4_ce_cipher(E) sm4(E) sm3_ce(E) sm3(E) sha3_ce(E) sha512_ce(E) sha512_arm64(E) sha2_ce(E) sha256_arm64(E) nvme(E) sha1_ce(E) nvme_core(E) nvme_auth(E) t10_pi(E) sg(E) scsi_mod(E) scsi_common(E) efivarfs(E) [ 2911.174738] Unloaded tainted modules: cppc_cpufreq(E):1 [ 2911.180985] CPU: 2 PID: 12247 Comm: cat Kdump: loaded Tainted: G E 6.7.0-default #2 1b58bbb22c97e4399dc09f92d309344f69c44a01 [ 2911.182398] Hardware name: Amazon EC2 c7g.8xlarge/, BIOS 1.0 11/1/2018 [ 2911.183208] pstate: 61400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 2911.184038] pc : tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408 [ 2911.184667] lr : tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408 [ 2911.185310] sp : ffff8000a1513900 [ 2911.185750] x29: ffff8000a1513900 x28: ffff0003f272fe80 x27: 0000000000000001 [ 2911.186600] x26: ffff0003f272fe80 x25: 0000000000000030 x24: 0000000000000008 [ 2911.187458] x23: ffff0003c5788000 x22: ffff0003c16710c8 x21: ffff80008017f180 [ 2911.188310] x20: ffff80008017f000 x19: ffff80008017f180 x18: ffffffffffffffff [ 2911.189160] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: ffff8000a15134b8 [ 2911.190015] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 205d373432323154 x12: 5b5d313131333731 [ 2911.190844] x11: 00000000fffeffff x10: 00000000fffeffff x9 : ffffd1b78274a13c [ 2911.191716] x8 : 000000000017ffe8 x7 : c0000000fffeffff x6 : 000000000057ffa8 [ 2911.192554] x5 : ffff0012f6c24ec0 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : ffff2e5b72b5d000 [ 2911.193404] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff0003ff254480 [ 2911.194259] Call trace: [ 2911.194626] tracing_map_sort_entries+0x3e0/0x408 [ 2911.195220] hist_show+0x124/0x800 [ 2911.195692] seq_read_iter+0x1d4/0x4e8 [ 2911.196193] seq_read+0xe8/0x138 [ 2911.196638] vfs_read+0xc8/0x300 [ 2911.197078] ksys_read+0x70/0x108 [ 2911.197534] __arm64_sys_read+0x24/0x38 [ 2911.198046] invoke_syscall+0x78/0x108 [ 2911.198553] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xd0/0xf8 [ 2911.199157] do_el0_svc+0x28/0x40 [ 2911.199613] el0_svc+0x40/0x178 [ 2911.200048] el0t_64_sync_handler+0x13c/0x158 [ 2911.200621] el0t_64_sync+0x1a8/0x1b0 [ 2911.201115] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- The problem appears to be caused by CPU reordering of writes issued from __tracing_map_insert(). The check for the presence of an element with a given key in this function is: val = READ_ONCE(entry->val); if (val && keys_match(key, val->key, map->key_size)) ... The write of a new entry is: elt = get_free_elt(map); memcpy(elt->key, key, map->key_size); entry->val = elt; The "memcpy(elt->key, key, map->key_size);" and "entry->val = elt;" stores may become visible in the reversed order on another CPU. This second CPU might then incorrectly determine that a new key doesn't match an already present val->key and subse ---truncated---

Alon Zahavi discovered that the NVMe-oF/TCP subsystem in the Linux kernel did not properly validate H2C PDU data, leading to a null pointer dereference vulnerability. A remote attacker could use this to cause a denial of service. Sander Wiebing, Alvise de Faveri Tron, Herbert Bos, and Cristiano Giuffrida discovered that the Linux kernel mitigations for the initial Branch History Injection vulnerability were insufficient for Intel processors. A local attacker could potentially use this to expose sensitive information.

*Credits: N/A

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

None

Availability

High

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Authentication

Single

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

None

Availability

Complete

* Common Vulnerability Scoring System

SSVC

Decision:Track

Exploitation

None

Automatable

Tech. Impact

Partial

* Organization's Worst-case Scenario

Timeline

2024-02-19 CVE Reserved
2024-03-26 CVE Published
2024-12-19 CVE Updated
2025-03-30 EPSS Updated
---------- Exploited in Wild
---------- KEV Due Date
---------- First Exploit

CWE

CWE-362: Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

CAPEC

References (13)

URL	Tag	Source
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c193707dde77ace92a649cd59a17e105e2fbeaef	Vuln. Introduced
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00020.html

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5022b331c041e8c54b9a6a3251579bd1e8c0fc0b	2024-02-23
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dad9b28f675ed99b4dec261db2a397efeb80b74c	2024-02-23
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef70dfa0b1e5084f32635156c9a5c795352ad860	2024-02-23
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aef1cb00856ccfd614467cfb50b791278992e177	2024-02-23
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f4f7e696db0274ff560482cc52eddbf0551d4b7a	2024-02-01
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1eebe76e187dbe11ca299f8dbb6e45d5b1889e7	2024-02-01
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf4aeff7da85c3becd39fb73bac94122331c30fb	2024-02-01
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b44760609e9eaafc9d234a6883d042fc21132a7	2024-01-22

URL	Date	SRC
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-26645	2024-11-12
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2271648	2024-11-12

Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions

Vendor		Product				Version		Other		Status
Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status	<-- -->	Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status
Linux Search vendor "Linux"		Linux Kernel Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel"				>= 4.17 < 4.19.307 Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel" and version " >= 4.17 < 4.19.307"		en		Affected
Linux Search vendor "Linux"		Linux Kernel Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel"				>= 4.17 < 5.4.269 Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel" and version " >= 4.17 < 5.4.269"		en		Affected
Linux Search vendor "Linux"		Linux Kernel Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel"				>= 4.17 < 5.10.210 Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel" and version " >= 4.17 < 5.10.210"		en		Affected
Linux Search vendor "Linux"		Linux Kernel Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel"				>= 4.17 < 5.15.149 Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel" and version " >= 4.17 < 5.15.149"		en		Affected
Linux Search vendor "Linux"		Linux Kernel Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel"				>= 4.17 < 6.1.76 Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel" and version " >= 4.17 < 6.1.76"		en		Affected
Linux Search vendor "Linux"		Linux Kernel Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel"				>= 4.17 < 6.6.15 Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel" and version " >= 4.17 < 6.6.15"		en		Affected
Linux Search vendor "Linux"		Linux Kernel Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel"				>= 4.17 < 6.7.3 Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel" and version " >= 4.17 < 6.7.3"		en		Affected
Linux Search vendor "Linux"		Linux Kernel Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel"				>= 4.17 < 6.8 Search vendor "Linux" for product "Linux Kernel" and version " >= 4.17 < 6.8"		en		Affected