CVE-2024-53218

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

f2fs: fix race in concurrent f2fs_stop_gc_thread

In my test case, concurrent calls to f2fs shutdown report the following
stack trace:

Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xc6cfff63bb5513fc: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 678 Comm: f2fs_rep_shutdo Not tainted 6.12.0-rc5-next-20241029-g6fb2fa9805c5-dirty #85
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? show_regs+0x8b/0xa0
? __die_body+0x26/0xa0
? die_addr+0x54/0x90
? exc_general_protection+0x24b/0x5c0
? asm_exc_general_protection+0x26/0x30
? kthread_stop+0x46/0x390
f2fs_stop_gc_thread+0x6c/0x110
f2fs_do_shutdown+0x309/0x3a0
f2fs_ioc_shutdown+0x150/0x1c0
__f2fs_ioctl+0xffd/0x2ac0
f2fs_ioctl+0x76/0xe0
vfs_ioctl+0x23/0x60
__x64_sys_ioctl+0xce/0xf0
x64_sys_call+0x2b1b/0x4540
do_syscall_64+0xa7/0x240
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

The root cause is a race condition in f2fs_stop_gc_thread() called from
different f2fs shutdown paths:

[CPU0] [CPU1]
---------------------- -----------------------
f2fs_stop_gc_thread f2fs_stop_gc_thread
gc_th = sbi->gc_thread
gc_th = sbi->gc_thread
kfree(gc_th)
sbi->gc_thread = NULL
< gc_th != NULL >
kthread_stop(gc_th->f2fs_gc_task) //UAF

The commit c7f114d864ac ("f2fs: fix to avoid use-after-free in
f2fs_stop_gc_thread()") attempted to fix this issue by using a read
semaphore to prevent races between shutdown and remount threads, but
it fails to prevent all race conditions.

Fix it by converting to write lock of s_umount in f2fs_do_shutdown().