// For flags

CVE-2025-21600

Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: With certain BGP options enabled, receipt of specifically malformed BGP update causes RPD crash

Severity Score

7.1
*CVSS v4

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

0
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

Track
*SSVC
Descriptions

An Out-of-Bounds Read vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, logically adjacent BGP peer sending a specifically malformed BGP packet to cause rpd to crash and restart, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). Continued receipt and processing of this packet will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. This issue only affects systems configured in either of two ways: * systems with BGP traceoptions enabled * systems with BGP family traffic-engineering (BGP-LS) configured and can be exploited from a directly connected and configured BGP peer. This issue affects iBGP and eBGP with any address family configured, and both IPv4 and IPv6 are affected by this vulnerability. This issue affects: Junos OS: * All versions before 21.4R3-S9, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S5, * from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S4, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S5, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S3, * from 24.2 before 24.2R1-S2, 24.2R2; Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 21.4R3-S9-EVO, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S5-EVO, * from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S4-EVO, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S5-EVO, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3-EVO, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S2-EVO, * from 24.2 before 24.2R1-S2-EVO, 24.2R2-EVO. This is a similar, but different vulnerability than the issue reported as CVE-2024-39516.

An Out-of-Bounds Read vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, logically adjacent BGP peer sending a specifically malformed BGP packet to cause rpd to crash and restart, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). Continued receipt and processing of this packet will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. This issue only affects systems configured in either of two ways: * systems with BGP traceoptions enabled * systems with BGP family traffic-engineering (BGP-LS) configured and can be exploited from a directly connected and configured BGP peer. This issue affects iBGP and eBGP with any address family configured, and both IPv4 and IPv6 are affected by this vulnerability. This issue affects: Junos OS: * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S9, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S5, * from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S4, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S5, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S3, * from 24.2 before 24.2R1-S2, 24.2R2; Junos OS Evolved: * from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S9-EVO, * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S5-EVO, * from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S4-EVO, * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S5-EVO, * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S3-EVO, * from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-S2-EVO, * from 24.2-EVO before 24.2R1-S2-EVO, 24.2R2-EVO. This issue does not affect versions of Junos OS prior to 21.3R1. This issue does not affect versions of Junos OS Evolved prior to 21.3R1-EVO. This is a similar, but different vulnerability than the issue reported as CVE-2024-39516.

*Credits: Juniper SIRT would like to acknowledge and thank Craig Dods from Meta’s Infrastructure Security Engineering team for responsibly reporting this vulnerability.
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
System
Vulnerable | Subsequent
Confidentiality
None
None
Integrity
None
None
Availability
High
Low
Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
System
Vulnerable | Subsequent
Confidentiality
None
None
Integrity
None
None
Availability
High
Low
Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High
Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Complete
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:Track
Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Tech. Impact
Partial
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2024-12-26 CVE Reserved
  • 2025-01-09 CVE Published
  • 2025-01-27 CVE Updated
  • 2025-01-28 EPSS Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
  • ---------- First Exploit
CWE
  • CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
CAPEC
References (1)
URL Tag Source
URL Date SRC
URL Date SRC
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS
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>= 21.4 < 21.4R3-S9
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en
Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS
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>= 22.2 < 22.2R3-S5
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en
Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS
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>= 22.3 < 22.3R3-S4
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en
Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS
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>= 22.4 < 22.4R3-S5
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en
Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS
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>= 23.2 < 23.2R2-S3
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en
Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS
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>= 23.4 < 23.4R2-S3
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en
Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS
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>= 24.2 < 24.2R1-S2
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en
Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS
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>= 24.2 < 24.2R2
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Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS Evolved
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>= 21.4-EVO < 21.4R3-S9-EVO
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Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS Evolved
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>= 22.2-EVO < 22.2R3-S5-EVO
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Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS Evolved
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>= 22.3-EVO < 22.3R3-S4-EVO
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Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS Evolved
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>= 22.4-EVO < 22.4R3-S5-EVO
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Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS Evolved
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>= 23.2-EVO < 23.2R2-S3-EVO
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Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS Evolved
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>= 23.4-EVO < 23.4R2-S2-EVO
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Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS Evolved
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>= 24.2-EVO < 24.2R1-S2-EVO
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Affected
Juniper Networks
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Junos OS Evolved
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>= 24.2-EVO < 24.2R2-EVO
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en
Affected