// For flags

CVE-2025-25292

Ruby SAML vulnerable to SAML authentication bypass due to namespace handling (parser differential)

Severity Score

8.8
*CVSS v4

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

0
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

-
*SSVC
Descriptions

ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently, the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 contain a patch for the issue.

*Credits: N/A
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
System
Vulnerable | Subsequent
Confidentiality
High
None
Integrity
High
None
Availability
None
None
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
Partial
Integrity
Partial
Availability
Partial
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:-
Exploitation
-
Automatable
-
Tech. Impact
-
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2025-02-06 CVE Reserved
  • 2025-03-12 CVE Published
  • 2025-03-13 EPSS Updated
  • 2025-03-14 CVE Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
  • ---------- First Exploit
CWE
  • CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
  • CWE-436: Interpretation Conflict
CAPEC
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
SAML-Toolkits
Search vendor "SAML-Toolkits"
 Ru
Search vendor "SAML-Toolkits" for product "Ru"
 < 1.12.4
Search vendor "SAML-Toolkits" for product "Ru" and version " < 1.12.4"
en
Affected
SAML-Toolkits
Search vendor "SAML-Toolkits"
 Ru
Search vendor "SAML-Toolkits" for product "Ru"
 >= 1.13.0 < 1.18.0
Search vendor "SAML-Toolkits" for product "Ru" and version " >= 1.13.0 < 1.18.0"
en
Affected