// For flags

CVE-2025-27111

Escape Sequence Injection vulnerability in Rack lead to Possible Log Injection

Severity Score

6.9
*CVSS v4

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

0
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

Attend
*SSVC
Descriptions

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. The Rack::Sendfile middleware logs unsanitised header values from the X-Sendfile-Type header. An attacker can exploit this by injecting escape sequences (such as newline characters) into the header, resulting in log injection. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.2.12, 3.0.13, and 3.1.11.

Nhật Thái Đỗ discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain usernames. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to perform CRLF injection. Phạm Quang Minh discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to perform log injection. Phạm Quang Minh discovered that Rack did not properly handle relative file paths. A remote attacker could potentially exploit this to include local files that should have been inaccessible.

*Credits: N/A
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
System
Vulnerable | Subsequent
Confidentiality
None
None
Integrity
Low
None
Availability
None
None
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
Partial
Integrity
Partial
Availability
Partial
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:Attend
Exploitation
None
Automatable
Yes
Tech. Impact
Partial
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2025-02-18 CVE Reserved
  • 2025-03-04 CVE Published
  • 2025-03-04 CVE Updated
  • 2025-03-30 EPSS Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
  • ---------- First Exploit
CWE
  • CWE-93: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
  • CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
CAPEC
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
Rack
Search vendor "Rack"
 Rack
Search vendor "Rack" for product "Rack"
 < 2.2.12
Search vendor "Rack" for product "Rack" and version " < 2.2.12"
en
Affected
Rack
Search vendor "Rack"
 Rack
Search vendor "Rack" for product "Rack"
 >= 3.0.0 < 3.0.13
Search vendor "Rack" for product "Rack" and version " >= 3.0.0 < 3.0.13"
en
Affected
Rack
Search vendor "Rack"
 Rack
Search vendor "Rack" for product "Rack"
 >= 3.1.0 < 3.1.11
Search vendor "Rack" for product "Rack" and version " >= 3.1.0 < 3.1.11"
en
Affected