CVE-2025-31209

Apple macOS PDF Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Severity Score

6.3

*CVSS v3.1

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

*KEV

Decision

Track

*SSVC

Descriptions

An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.5, macOS Sonoma 14.7.6, tvOS 18.5, iPadOS 17.7.7, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5, macOS Sequoia 15.5, visionOS 2.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.6. Parsing a file may lead to disclosure of user information.

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Apple macOS. Interaction with the CoreGraphics framework is required to exploit this vulnerability but attack vectors may vary depending on the implementation.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.

macOS Ventura 13.7.6 addresses bypass, code execution, double free, information leakage, integer overflow, out of bounds read, and use-after-free vulnerabilities.

*Credits: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

CVSS Scores

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

Low

Integrity

Low

Availability

Low

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

Required

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

Low

Integrity

None

Availability

None

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Authentication

Single

Confidentiality

Partial

Integrity

Partial

Availability

Partial

* Common Vulnerability Scoring System

SSVC

Decision:Track

Exploitation

None

Automatable

Tech. Impact

Partial

* Organization's Worst-case Scenario

Timeline

2025-03-27 CVE Reserved
2025-05-12 CVE Published
2025-05-21 CVE Updated
2025-05-28 EPSS Updated
---------- Exploited in Wild
---------- KEV Due Date
---------- First Exploit

CWE

CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read

CAPEC

References (8)

URL	Tag	Source
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122404
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122716
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122717
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122718
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122720
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122721
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122722

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC

Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions

Vendor		Product				Version		Other		Status
Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status	<-- -->	Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Ios Search vendor "Apple" for product "Ios"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Ipados Search vendor "Apple" for product "Ipados"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Macos Search vendor "Apple" for product "Macos"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Visionos Search vendor "Apple" for product "Visionos"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Watchos Search vendor "Apple" for product "Watchos"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Tvos Search vendor "Apple" for product "Tvos"				*		-		Affected