CVE-2025-31219

Apple XNU kernel vm_map Race Condition Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

Severity Score

7.1

*CVSS v3.1

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

*KEV

Decision

Track

*SSVC

Descriptions

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.5, macOS Sonoma 14.7.6, tvOS 18.5, iPadOS 17.7.7, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5, macOS Sequoia 15.5, visionOS 2.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.6. An attacker may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory.

This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Apple macOS. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of virtual memory allocations in the macOS kernel. The issue results from the lack of proper locking when performing operations on an object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel.

macOS Ventura 13.7.6 addresses bypass, code execution, double free, information leakage, integer overflow, out of bounds read, and use-after-free vulnerabilities.

*Credits: Michael DePlante (@izobashi) and Lucas Leong (@_wmliang_) of Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative

CVSS Scores

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

Low

Availability

High

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Authentication

Single

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

Partial

Availability

Complete

* Common Vulnerability Scoring System

SSVC

Decision:Track

Exploitation

None

Automatable

Tech. Impact

Partial

* Organization's Worst-case Scenario

Timeline

2025-03-27 CVE Reserved
2025-05-12 CVE Published
2025-05-21 CVE Updated
2025-05-28 EPSS Updated
---------- Exploited in Wild
---------- KEV Due Date
---------- First Exploit

CWE

CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

CAPEC

References (8)

URL	Tag	Source
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122404
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122716
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122717
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122718
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122720
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122721
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122722

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC

Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions

Vendor		Product				Version		Other		Status
Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status	<-- -->	Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Ios Search vendor "Apple" for product "Ios"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Ipados Search vendor "Apple" for product "Ipados"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Macos Search vendor "Apple" for product "Macos"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Visionos Search vendor "Apple" for product "Visionos"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Watchos Search vendor "Apple" for product "Watchos"				*		-		Affected
Apple Search vendor "Apple"		Tvos Search vendor "Apple" for product "Tvos"				*		-		Affected