// For flags

CVE-2025-48372

Schule Has Insecure OTP Length, is Susceptible to Brute-Force Attacks

Severity Score

6.6
*CVSS v4

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

0
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

Attend
*SSVC
Descriptions

Schule is open-source school management system software. The generateOTP() function generates a 4-digit numeric One-Time Password (OTP). Prior to version 1.0.1, even if a secure random number generator is used, the short length and limited range (1000–9999) results in only 9000 possible combinations. This small keyspace makes the OTP highly vulnerable to brute-force attacks, especially in the absence of strong rate-limiting or lockout mechanisms. Version 1.0.1 fixes the issue.

*Credits: N/A
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
System
Vulnerable | Subsequent
Confidentiality
None
None
Integrity
High
None
Availability
None
None
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
Partial
Integrity
None
Availability
None
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:Attend
Exploitation
None
Automatable
Yes
Tech. Impact
Partial
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2025-05-19 CVE Reserved
  • 2025-05-22 CVE Published
  • 2025-05-23 CVE Updated
  • 2025-05-28 EPSS Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
  • ---------- First Exploit
CWE
  • CWE-521: Weak Password Requirements
CAPEC
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
Schule111
Search vendor "Schule111"
Schule
Search vendor "Schule111" for product "Schule"
< 1.0.1
Search vendor "Schule111" for product "Schule" and version " < 1.0.1"
en
Affected