CVE-2025-52988

Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: Privilege escalation to root via CLI command 'request system logout'

Severity Score

8.4

*CVSS v4

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

*KEV

Decision

Track*

*SSVC

Descriptions

An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a high privileged, local attacker to escalated their privileges to root. When a user provides specifically crafted arguments to the 'request system logout' command, these will be executed as root on the shell, which can completely compromise the device.
This issue affects: Junos OS: * all versions before 21.2R3-S9, * 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S8, * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S6, * 22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S3, * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3-S6, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S1, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R1-S2, 23.4R2; Junos OS Evolved: * all versions before 22.4R3-S6-EVO, * 23.2-EVO versions before 23.2R2-S1-EVO, * 23.4-EVO versions before 23.4R1-S2-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO.

An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a high privileged, local attacker to escalated their privileges to root. When a user provides specifically crafted arguments to the 'request system logout' command, these will be executed as root on the shell, which can completely compromise the device. This issue affects: Junos OS: * all versions before 21.2R3-S9, * 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S8, * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S6, * 22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S3, * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3-S6, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S1, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R1-S2, 23.4R2; Junos OS Evolved: * all versions before 22.4R3-S6-EVO, * 23.2-EVO versions before 23.2R2-S1-EVO, * 23.4-EVO versions before 23.4R1-S2-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO.

*Credits: National Security Agency

CVSS Scores

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

System

Vulnerable | Subsequent

Confidentiality

High

None

Integrity

High

None

Availability

High

None

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

System

Vulnerable | Subsequent

Confidentiality

High

None

Integrity

High

None

Availability

High

None

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Authentication

Multiple

Confidentiality

Complete

Integrity

Complete

Availability

Complete

* Common Vulnerability Scoring System

SSVC

Decision:Track*

Exploitation

None

Automatable

Tech. Impact

Total

* Organization's Worst-case Scenario

Timeline

2025-06-23 CVE Reserved
2025-07-11 CVE Published
2025-07-12 CVE Updated
---------- EPSS Updated
---------- Exploited in Wild
---------- KEV Due Date
---------- First Exploit

CWE

CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CAPEC

References (1)

URL	Tag	Source

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC
https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA100095	2025-07-11

Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions

Vendor		Product				Version		Other		Status
Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status	<-- -->	Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS"				< 21.2R3-S9 Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS" and version " < 21.2R3-S9"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS"				>= 21.4 < 21.4R3-S8 Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS" and version " >= 21.4 < 21.4R3-S8"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS"				>= 22.2 < 22.2R3-S6 Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS" and version " >= 22.2 < 22.2R3-S6"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS"				>= 22.3 < 22.3R3-S3 Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS" and version " >= 22.3 < 22.3R3-S3"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS"				>= 22.4 < 22.4R3-S6 Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS" and version " >= 22.4 < 22.4R3-S6"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS"				>= 23.2 < 23.2R2-S1 Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS" and version " >= 23.2 < 23.2R2-S1"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS"				>= 23.4 < 23.4R1-S2 Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS" and version " >= 23.4 < 23.4R1-S2"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS"				>= 23.4 < 23.4R2 Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS" and version " >= 23.4 < 23.4R2"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Evolved Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS Evolved"				< 22.4R3-S6-EVO Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS Evolved" and version " < 22.4R3-S6-EVO"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Evolved Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS Evolved"				>= 23.2-EVO < 23.2R2-S1-EVO Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS Evolved" and version " >= 23.2-EVO < 23.2R2-S1-EVO"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Evolved Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS Evolved"				>= 23.4-EVO < 23.4R1-S2-EVO Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS Evolved" and version " >= 23.4-EVO < 23.4R1-S2-EVO"		en		Affected
Juniper Networks Search vendor "Juniper Networks"		Junos OS Evolved Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS Evolved"				>= 23.4-EVO < 23.4R2-EVO Search vendor "Juniper Networks" for product "Junos OS Evolved" and version " >= 23.4-EVO < 23.4R2-EVO"		en		Affected