// For flags

CVE-2025-53540

CSRF Vulnerability in Firmware Update Endpoints Allows Remote Code Execution

Severity Score

8.7
*CVSS v4

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

0
*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

-
*KEV

Decision

Track*
*SSVC
Descriptions

arduino-esp32 is an Arduino core for the ESP32, ESP32-S2, ESP32-S3, ESP32-C3, ESP32-C6 and ESP32-H2 microcontrollers. Several OTA update examples and the HTTPUpdateServer implementation are vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). The update endpoints accept POST requests for firmware uploads without CSRF protection. This allows an attacker to upload and execute arbitrary firmware, resulting in remote code execution (RCE). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.1.

Arduino-esp32 es un núcleo Arduino para los microcontroladores ESP32, ESP32-S2, ESP32-S3, ESP32-C3, ESP32-C6 y ESP32-H2. Varios ejemplos de actualizaciones OTA y la implementación HTTPUpdateServer son vulnerables a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). Los endpoints de actualización aceptan solicitudes POST para la carga de firmware sin protección CSRF. Esto permite a un atacante cargar y ejecutar firmware arbitrario, lo que resulta en la ejecución remota de código (RCE). Esta vulnerabilidad se corrigió en la versión 3.2.1.

*Credits: N/A
CVSS Scores
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Passive
System
Vulnerable | Subsequent
Confidentiality
High
None
Integrity
High
None
Availability
High
None
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Medium
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
Partial
Integrity
Partial
Availability
Partial
* Common Vulnerability Scoring System
SSVC
  • Decision:Track*
Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
No
Tech. Impact
Partial
* Organization's Worst-case Scenario
Timeline
  • 2025-07-02 CVE Reserved
  • 2025-07-07 CVE Published
  • 2025-07-07 CVE Updated
  • 2025-07-13 EPSS Updated
  • ---------- Exploited in Wild
  • ---------- KEV Due Date
  • ---------- First Exploit
CWE
  • CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
CAPEC
Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions
Vendor Product Version Other Status
Vendor Product Version Other Status <-- --> Vendor Product Version Other Status
Espressif
Search vendor "Espressif"
 Arduino-esp32
Search vendor "Espressif" for product "Arduino-esp32"
 < 3.2.1
Search vendor "Espressif" for product "Arduino-esp32" and version " < 3.2.1"
en
Affected