CVE-2025-54571

ModSecurity's Insufficient Return Value Handling can Lead to XSS and Source Code Disclosure

Severity Score

6.9

*CVSS v4

Exploit Likelihood

*EPSS

Affected Versions

*CPE

Public Exploits

*Multiple Sources

Exploited in Wild

*KEV

Decision

Attend

*SSVC

Descriptions

ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. In versions 2.9.11
and below, an attacker can override the HTTP response’s Content-Type, which could lead to several issues depending on the HTTP scenario. For example, we have demonstrated the potential for XSS and arbitrary script source code disclosure in the latest version of mod_security2. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.12.

ModSecurity es un motor de firewall de aplicaciones web (WAF) multiplataforma de código abierto para Apache, IIS y Nginx. En las versiones 2.9.11 y anteriores, un atacante puede anular el tipo de contenido de la respuesta HTTP, lo que podría causar diversos problemas según el escenario HTTP. Por ejemplo, hemos demostrado la posibilidad de XSS y la divulgación arbitraria del código fuente de scripts en la última versión de mod_security2. Este problema se ha corregido en la versión 2.9.12.

ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. In versions 2.9.11 and below, an attacker can override the HTTP response’s Content-Type, which could lead to several issues depending on the HTTP scenario. For example, we have demonstrated the potential for XSS and arbitrary script source code disclosure in the latest version of mod_security2. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.12.

These are all security issues fixed in the apache2-mod_security2-2.9.12-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

*Credits: N/A

CVSS Scores

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

System

Vulnerable | Subsequent

Confidentiality

Low

None

Integrity

None

Availability

None

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

Required

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

Low

Integrity

Low

Availability

None

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Medium

Authentication

None

Confidentiality

Partial

Integrity

None

Availability

None

* Common Vulnerability Scoring System

SSVC

Decision:Attend

Exploitation

Poc

Automatable

Yes

Tech. Impact

Partial

* Organization's Worst-case Scenario

Timeline

2025-07-25 CVE Reserved
2025-08-05 CVE Published
2025-08-06 CVE Updated
2025-08-11 EPSS Updated
---------- Exploited in Wild
---------- KEV Due Date
---------- First Exploit

CWE

CWE-252: Unchecked Return Value

CAPEC

References (3)

URL	Tag	Source
https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/commit/6d7e8eb18f2d7d368fb8e29516fcdeaeb8d349b8	X_refsource_misc
https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/issues/2514	X_refsource_misc
https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v	X_refsource_confirm

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC

URL	Date	SRC

Affected Vendors, Products, and Versions

Vendor		Product				Version		Other		Status
Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status	<-- -->	Vendor	Product	Version	Other	Status
Owasp-modsecurity Search vendor "Owasp-modsecurity"		ModSecurity Search vendor "Owasp-modsecurity" for product "ModSecurity"				< 2.9.12 Search vendor "Owasp-modsecurity" for product "ModSecurity" and version " < 2.9.12"		en		Affected