CVSS: -EPSS: 0%CPEs: 8EXPL: 0CVE-2021-47442 – NFC: digital: fix possible memory leak in digital_in_send_sdd_req()
https://notcve.org/view.php?id=CVE-2021-47442
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFC: digital: fix possible memory leak in digital_in_send_sdd_req() 'skb' is allocated in digital_in_send_sdd_req(), but not free when digital_in_send_cmd() failed, which will cause memory leak. Fix it by freeing 'skb' if digital_in_send_cmd() return failed. En el kernel de Linux, se resolvió la siguiente vulnerabilidad: NFC: digital: corrige una posible pérdida de memoria en digital_in_send_sdd_req() 'skb' está asignado en digital_in_send_sdd_req(), pero no está libre cuando falla digital_in_send_cmd(), lo que provocará una pérdida de memoria. Solucionarlo liberando 'skb' si falla la devolución de digital_in_send_cmd(). • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c66daecc4092e6049673c281b2e6f0d5e59a94c https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74569c78aa84f8c958f1334b465bc530906ec99a https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/88c890b0b9a1fb9fcd01c61ada515e8b636c34f9 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fcce6e5255474ca33c27dda0cdf9bf5087278873 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/071bdef36391958c89af5fa2172f691b31baa212 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2bde4aca56db9fe25405d39ddb062531493a65db https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50cb95487c265187289810addec5093d4fed8329 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6432d7f1d1c3aa74cfe8f5e3afdf81b78 •
CVSS: 2.3EPSS: 0%CPEs: 8EXPL: 0CVE-2021-47440 – net: encx24j600: check error in devm_regmap_init_encx24j600
https://notcve.org/view.php?id=CVE-2021-47440
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: encx24j600: check error in devm_regmap_init_encx24j600 devm_regmap_init may return error which caused by like out of memory, this will results in null pointer dereference later when reading or writing register: general protection fault in encx24j600_spi_probe KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000090-0x0000000000000097] CPU: 0 PID: 286 Comm: spi-encx24j600- Not tainted 5.15.0-rc2-00142-g9978db750e31-dirty #11 9c53a778c1306b1b02359f3c2bbedc0222cba652 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.13.0-1ubuntu1.1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:regcache_cache_bypass drivers/base/regmap/regcache.c:540 Code: 54 41 89 f4 55 53 48 89 fb 48 83 ec 08 e8 26 94 a8 fe 48 8d bb a0 00 00 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 89 fa 48 c1 ea 03 <80> 3c 02 00 0f 85 4a 03 00 00 4c 8d ab b0 00 00 00 48 8b ab a0 00 RSP: 0018:ffffc900010476b8 EFLAGS: 00010207 RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: fffffffffffffff4 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000012 RSI: ffff888002de0000 RDI: 0000000000000094 RBP: ffff888013c9a000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: fffffbfff3f9cc6a R10: ffffc900010476e8 R11: fffffbfff3f9cc69 R12: 0000000000000001 R13: 000000000000000a R14: ffff888013c9af54 R15: ffff888013c9ad08 FS: 00007ffa984ab580(0000) GS:ffff88801fe00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055a6384136c8 CR3: 000000003bbe6003 CR4: 0000000000770ef0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: encx24j600_spi_probe drivers/net/ethernet/microchip/encx24j600.c:459 spi_probe drivers/spi/spi.c:397 really_probe drivers/base/dd.c:517 __driver_probe_device drivers/base/dd.c:751 driver_probe_device drivers/base/dd.c:782 __device_attach_driver drivers/base/dd.c:899 bus_for_each_drv drivers/base/bus.c:427 __device_attach drivers/base/dd.c:971 bus_probe_device drivers/base/bus.c:487 device_add drivers/base/core.c:3364 __spi_add_device drivers/spi/spi.c:599 spi_add_device drivers/spi/spi.c:641 spi_new_device drivers/spi/spi.c:717 new_device_store+0x18c/0x1f1 [spi_stub 4e02719357f1ff33f5a43d00630982840568e85e] dev_attr_store drivers/base/core.c:2074 sysfs_kf_write fs/sysfs/file.c:139 kernfs_fop_write_iter fs/kernfs/file.c:300 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:508 (discriminator 4) vfs_write fs/read_write.c:594 ksys_write fs/read_write.c:648 do_syscall_64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:113 Add error check in devm_regmap_init_encx24j600 to avoid this situation. En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: net: encx24j600: error de verificación en devm_regmap_init_encx24j600 devm_regmap_init puede devolver un error causado por falta de memoria, esto resultará en una desreferencia del puntero nulo más adelante al leer o escribir el registro: falla de protección general en encx24j600_spi_probe KASAN: null-ptr-deref en el rango [0x0000000000000090-0x0000000000000097] CPU: 0 PID: 286 Comm: spi-encx24j600- No contaminado 5.15.0-rc2-00142-g9978db7 50e31-dirty #11 9c53a778c1306b1b02359f3c2bbedc0222cba652 Nombre del hardware: PC estándar QEMU ( i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.13.0-1ubuntu1.1 01/04/2014 RIP: 0010:regcache_cache_bypass drivers/base/regmap/regcache.c:540 Código: 54 41 89 f4 55 53 48 89 fb 48 83 ec 08 e8 26 94 a8 fe 48 8d bb a0 00 00 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 89 fa 48 c1 ea 03 <80> 3c 02 00 0f 85 4a 03 00 00 4c 8d ab b0 00 00 00 48 8b ab a0 00 RSP: 0018:ffffc900010476b8 EFLAGS: 00010207 RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: fffffffffffffff4 RCX: 00000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000012 RSI: 888002de0000 RDI: 0000000000000094 RBP: ffff888013c9a000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffbfff3f9cc6a R10: ffffc900010476e8 R11: ffffbfff3f9cc69 : 0000000000000001 R13: 000000000000000a R14: ffff888013c9af54 R15: ffff888013c9ad08 FS: 00007ffa984ab580(0000) GS:ffff88801fe00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055a6384136c8 CR3: 000000003bbe6003 CR4: 0000000000770ef0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 00000 00000000000DR2 : 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 PKRU: 55555554 Seguimiento de llamadas: encx24j600_spi_probe drivers/net/ethernet/microchip/encx24j600.c:459 spi_probe drivers/spi/spi.c:397 Actually_probe drivers/base/dd.c:517 __driver_probe_device drivers/base/dd.c:751 driver_probe_device drivers/ base/dd.c:782 __device_attach_driver drivers/base/dd.c:899 bus_for_each_drv drivers/base/bus.c:427 __device_attach drivers/base/dd.c:971 bus_probe_device drivers/base/bus.c:487 device_add drivers/ base/core.c:3364 __spi_add_device drivers/spi/spi.c:599 spi_add_device drivers/spi/spi.c:641 spi_new_device drivers/spi/spi.c:717 new_device_store+0x18c/0x1f1 [spi_stub 4e02719357f1ff33f5a43d0 0630982840568e85e] controladores/base dev_attr_store /core.c:2074 sysfs_kf_write fs/sysfs/file.c:139 kernfs_fop_write_iter fs/kernfs/file.c:300 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:508 (discriminador 4) vfs_write fs/read_write.c:594 ksys_write fs/read_write .c:648 do_syscall_64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 Entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:113 Agregue verificación de errores en devm_regmap_init_encx24j600 para evitar esta situación. • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/04fbfce7a222327b97ca165294ef19f0faa45960 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66358471fa75a713fd76bc8a4bd74cb14cd50a4f https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f043fac1133a6c5ef960a8422c0f6dd711dee462 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fddc7f678d7fb93caa0d7bc512f968ff1e2bddbc https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5e5494e6fc8a29c927e0478bec4a078a40da8901 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4c2eb80fc90b05559ce6ed1b8dfb2348420b5644 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e19c10d6e07c59c96e90fe053a72683ad8b0397e https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/322c0e53496309e634d9db7349678eaad • CWE-476: NULL Pointer Dereference •
CVSS: -EPSS: 0%CPEs: 3EXPL: 0CVE-2021-47438 – net/mlx5e: Fix memory leak in mlx5_core_destroy_cq() error path
https://notcve.org/view.php?id=CVE-2021-47438
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5e: Fix memory leak in mlx5_core_destroy_cq() error path Prior to this patch in case mlx5_core_destroy_cq() failed it returns without completing all destroy operations and that leads to memory leak. Instead, complete the destroy flow before return error. Also move mlx5_debug_cq_remove() to the beginning of mlx5_core_destroy_cq() to be symmetrical with mlx5_core_create_cq(). kmemleak complains on: unreferenced object 0xc000000038625100 (size 64): comm "ethtool", pid 28301, jiffies 4298062946 (age 785.380s) hex dump (first 32 bytes): 60 01 48 94 00 00 00 c0 b8 05 34 c3 00 00 00 c0 `.H.......4..... 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 db 7d c1 00 00 00 c0 ..........}..... backtrace: [<000000009e8643cb>] add_res_tree+0xd0/0x270 [mlx5_core] [<00000000e7cb8e6c>] mlx5_debug_cq_add+0x5c/0xc0 [mlx5_core] [<000000002a12918f>] mlx5_core_create_cq+0x1d0/0x2d0 [mlx5_core] [<00000000cef0a696>] mlx5e_create_cq+0x210/0x3f0 [mlx5_core] [<000000009c642c26>] mlx5e_open_cq+0xb4/0x130 [mlx5_core] [<0000000058dfa578>] mlx5e_ptp_open+0x7f4/0xe10 [mlx5_core] [<0000000081839561>] mlx5e_open_channels+0x9cc/0x13e0 [mlx5_core] [<0000000009cf05d4>] mlx5e_switch_priv_channels+0xa4/0x230 [mlx5_core] [<0000000042bbedd8>] mlx5e_safe_switch_params+0x14c/0x300 [mlx5_core] [<0000000004bc9db8>] set_pflag_tx_port_ts+0x9c/0x160 [mlx5_core] [<00000000a0553443>] mlx5e_set_priv_flags+0xd0/0x1b0 [mlx5_core] [<00000000a8f3d84b>] ethnl_set_privflags+0x234/0x2d0 [<00000000fd27f27c>] genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x108/0x1d0 [<00000000f495e2bb>] genl_family_rcv_msg+0xe4/0x1f0 [<00000000646c5c2c>] genl_rcv_msg+0x78/0x120 [<00000000d53e384e>] netlink_rcv_skb+0x74/0x1a0 En el kernel de Linux, se resolvió la siguiente vulnerabilidad: net/mlx5e: corrige la pérdida de memoria en la ruta de error mlx5_core_destroy_cq(). Antes de este parche, en caso de que mlx5_core_destroy_cq() fallara, regresa sin completar todas las operaciones de destrucción y eso conduce a una pérdida de memoria. En su lugar, complete el flujo de destrucción antes de que se produzca el error de devolución. También mueva mlx5_debug_cq_remove() al principio de mlx5_core_destroy_cq() para que sea simétrico con mlx5_core_create_cq(). kmemleak se queja de: objeto sin referencia 0xc000000038625100 (tamaño 64): comm "ethtool", pid 28301, jiffies 4298062946 (edad 785.380 s) volcado hexadecimal (primeros 32 bytes): 60 01 48 94 00 00 00 c0 b8 05 34 3 00 00 00 c0 `.H.......4..... 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 db 7d c1 00 00 00 c0 ..........}..... rastreo hacia atrás : [<000000009e8643cb>] add_res_tree+0xd0/0x270 [mlx5_core] [<00000000e7cb8e6c>] mlx5_debug_cq_add+0x5c/0xc0 [mlx5_core] [<000000002a12918f>] 0x1d0/0x2d0 [mlx5_core] [<00000000cef0a696>] mlx5e_create_cq+0x210/0x3f0 [mlx5_core] [<000000009c642c26>] mlx5e_open_cq+0xb4/0x130 [mlx5_core] [<0000000058dfa578>] mlx5e_ptp_open+0x7f4/0xe10 [mlx5_core] [<0000000081839561>] 5e_open_channels+0x9cc/0x13e0 [mlx5_core] [<0000000009cf05d4>] mlx5e_switch_priv_channels+0xa4 /0x230 [mlx5_core] [<0000000042bbedd8>] mlx5e_safe_switch_params+0x14c/0x300 [mlx5_core] [<0000000004bc9db8>] set_pflag_tx_port_ts+0x9c/0x160 [mlx5_core [<00000000a] 0553443>] mlx5e_set_priv_flags+0xd0/0x1b0 [mlx5_core] [<00000000a8f3d84b>] etnl_set_privflags +0x234/0x2d0 [<00000000fd27f27c>] genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x108/0x1d0 [<00000000f495e2bb>] genl_family_rcv_msg+0xe4/0x1f0 [<00000000646c5c2c>] v_msg+0x78/0x120 [<00000000d53e384e>] netlink_rcv_skb+0x74/0x1a0 • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e126ba97dba9edeb6fafa3665b5f8497fc9cdf8c https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4f7bddf8c5c01cac74373443b13a68e1c6723a94 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed8aafea4fec9c654e63445236e0b505e27ed3a7 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/94b960b9deffc02fc0747afc01f72cc62ab099e3 •
CVSS: 5.5EPSS: 0%CPEs: 7EXPL: 0CVE-2021-47435 – dm: fix mempool NULL pointer race when completing IO
https://notcve.org/view.php?id=CVE-2021-47435
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm: fix mempool NULL pointer race when completing IO dm_io_dec_pending() calls end_io_acct() first and will then dec md in-flight pending count. But if a task is swapping DM table at same time this can result in a crash due to mempool->elements being NULL: task1 task2 do_resume ->do_suspend ->dm_wait_for_completion bio_endio ->clone_endio ->dm_io_dec_pending ->end_io_acct ->wakeup task1 ->dm_swap_table ->__bind ->__bind_mempools ->bioset_exit ->mempool_exit ->free_io [ 67.330330] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000000 ...... [ 67.330494] pstate: 80400085 (Nzcv daIf +PAN -UAO) [ 67.330510] pc : mempool_free+0x70/0xa0 [ 67.330515] lr : mempool_free+0x4c/0xa0 [ 67.330520] sp : ffffff8008013b20 [ 67.330524] x29: ffffff8008013b20 x28: 0000000000000004 [ 67.330530] x27: ffffffa8c2ff40a0 x26: 00000000ffff1cc8 [ 67.330535] x25: 0000000000000000 x24: ffffffdada34c800 [ 67.330541] x23: 0000000000000000 x22: ffffffdada34c800 [ 67.330547] x21: 00000000ffff1cc8 x20: ffffffd9a1304d80 [ 67.330552] x19: ffffffdada34c970 x18: 000000b312625d9c [ 67.330558] x17: 00000000002dcfbf x16: 00000000000006dd [ 67.330563] x15: 000000000093b41e x14: 0000000000000010 [ 67.330569] x13: 0000000000007f7a x12: 0000000034155555 [ 67.330574] x11: 0000000000000001 x10: 0000000000000001 [ 67.330579] x9 : 0000000000000000 x8 : 0000000000000000 [ 67.330585] x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : ffffff80148b5c1a [ 67.330590] x5 : ffffff8008013ae0 x4 : 0000000000000001 [ 67.330596] x3 : ffffff80080139c8 x2 : ffffff801083bab8 [ 67.330601] x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffffffdada34c970 [ 67.330609] Call trace: [ 67.330616] mempool_free+0x70/0xa0 [ 67.330627] bio_put+0xf8/0x110 [ 67.330638] dec_pending+0x13c/0x230 [ 67.330644] clone_endio+0x90/0x180 [ 67.330649] bio_endio+0x198/0x1b8 [ 67.330655] dec_pending+0x190/0x230 [ 67.330660] clone_endio+0x90/0x180 [ 67.330665] bio_endio+0x198/0x1b8 [ 67.330673] blk_update_request+0x214/0x428 [ 67.330683] scsi_end_request+0x2c/0x300 [ 67.330688] scsi_io_completion+0xa0/0x710 [ 67.330695] scsi_finish_command+0xd8/0x110 [ 67.330700] scsi_softirq_done+0x114/0x148 [ 67.330708] blk_done_softirq+0x74/0xd0 [ 67.330716] __do_softirq+0x18c/0x374 [ 67.330724] irq_exit+0xb4/0xb8 [ 67.330732] __handle_domain_irq+0x84/0xc0 [ 67.330737] gic_handle_irq+0x148/0x1b0 [ 67.330744] el1_irq+0xe8/0x190 [ 67.330753] lpm_cpuidle_enter+0x4f8/0x538 [ 67.330759] cpuidle_enter_state+0x1fc/0x398 [ 67.330764] cpuidle_enter+0x18/0x20 [ 67.330772] do_idle+0x1b4/0x290 [ 67.330778] cpu_startup_entry+0x20/0x28 [ 67.330786] secondary_start_kernel+0x160/0x170 Fix this by: 1) Establishing pointers to 'struct dm_io' members in dm_io_dec_pending() so that they may be passed into end_io_acct() _after_ free_io() is called. 2) Moving end_io_acct() after free_io(). En el kernel de Linux, se resolvió la siguiente vulnerabilidad: dm: corrige la ejecución del puntero NULL de mempool al completar IO dm_io_dec_pending() llama a end_io_acct() primero y luego dec md en vuelo conteo pendiente. Pero si una tarea intercambia la tabla DM al mismo tiempo, esto puede provocar un bloqueo debido a que mempool->elementos son NULL: tarea1 tarea2 do_resume ->do_suspend ->dm_wait_for_completion bio_endio ->clone_endio ->dm_io_dec_pending ->end_io_acct ->wakeup task1 - >dm_swap_table ->__bind ->__bind_mempools ->bioset_exit ->mempool_exit ->free_io [67.330330] No se puede manejar la desreferencia del puntero NULL del kernel en la dirección virtual 00000000000000000 ...... [67.330494] pstate: 80400085 (Nzcv daIf +PAN -UAO ) [67.330510] pc: mempool_free+0x70/0xa0 [67.330515] lr: mempool_free+0x4c/0xa0 [67.330520] sp: ffffff8008013b20 [67.330524] x29: ffffff8008013b20 x28: 000000000000004 [ 67.330530] x27: fffffa8c2ff40a0 x26: 00000000ffff1cc8 [ 67.330535] x25: 0000000000000000 x24: ffffffdada34c800 [ 67.330541] x23: 0000000000000000 x22: ffffffdada34c800 [ 67.330547] x21: 00000000ffff1cc8 x20: 1304d80 [ 67.330552] x19: ffffffdada34c970 x18: 000000b312625d9c [ 67.330558] x17: 00000000002dcfbf x16: 00000000000006dd [ 67.330563] 000000000093b41e x14: 0000000000000010 [ 67.330569] x13: 0000000000007f7a x12: 0000000034155555 [ 67.330574] x11: 00000000000000001 x10: 0000000000000001 [ 67.330579] x9 : 0000000000000000 x8: 0000000000000000 [67.330585] x7: 0000000000000000 x6: ffffff80148b5c1a [67.330590] x5: ffffff8008013ae0 x4: 000000001 [67.330596] x3: ffffff80080139c8 x2: ffffff801083bab8 [67.330601] x1: 0000000000000000 x0: ffffffdada34c970 [67.330609] Rastreo de llamadas: [67.330616] mempool_free+0x70/0xa0 [67.330627] 8/0x110 [67.330638] dec_pending+0x13c/0x230 [67.330644] clone_endio+0x90/0x180 [ 67.330649] bio_endio+0x198/0x1b8 [ 67.330655] dec_pending+0x190/0x230 [ 67.330660] clone_endio+0x90/0x180 [ 67.330665] bio_endio+0x198/0x1b8 [ 67.330673 ] blk_update_request+0x214/0x428 [ 67.330683] scsi_end_request+0x2c/0x300 [ 67.330688 ] scsi_io_completion+0xa0/0x710 [ 67.330695] scsi_finish_command+0xd8/0x110 [ 67.330700] scsi_softirq_done+0x114/0x148 [ 67.330708] blk_done_softirq+0x74/0xd0 [ 67.3307 16] __do_softirq+0x18c/0x374 [ 67.330724] irq_exit+0xb4/0xb8 [ 67.330732] __handle_domain_irq +0x84/0xc0 [ 67.330737] gic_handle_irq+0x148/0x1b0 [ 67.330744] el1_irq+0xe8/0x190 [ 67.330753] lpm_cpuidle_enter+0x4f8/0x538 [ 67.330759] +0x1fc/0x398 [ 67.330764] cpuidle_enter+0x18/0x20 [ 67.330772] do_idle+0x1b4 /0x290 [ 67.330778] cpu_startup_entry+0x20/0x28 [ 67.330786] second_start_kernel+0x160/0x170 Solucione este problema de la siguiente manera: 1) Estableciendo punteros a los miembros 'struct dm_io' en dm_io_dec_pending() para que puedan pasarse a end_io_acct() _después_ free_io() se llama. 2) Mover end_io_acct() después de free_io(). • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9fb7cd5c7fef0f1c982e3cd27745a0dec260eaed https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d35aef9c60d310eff3eaddacce301efe877e2b7c https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e07272cca2ed76f7f6073f4444b1143828c8d87 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad1393b92e5059218d055bfec8f4946d85ad04c4 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d29c78d3f9c5d2604548c1065bf1ec212728ea61 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e506f07c5b561d673dd0b0d8f7f420cc48024fb https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d208b89401e073de986dc891037c5a668f5d5d95 https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-47435 • CWE-476: NULL Pointer Dereference •
CVSS: -EPSS: 0%CPEs: 6EXPL: 0CVE-2021-47434 – xhci: Fix command ring pointer corruption while aborting a command
https://notcve.org/view.php?id=CVE-2021-47434
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xhci: Fix command ring pointer corruption while aborting a command The command ring pointer is located at [6:63] bits of the command ring control register (CRCR). All the control bits like command stop, abort are located at [0:3] bits. While aborting a command, we read the CRCR and set the abort bit and write to the CRCR. The read will always give command ring pointer as all zeros. So we essentially write only the control bits. • https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/22bcb65ea41072ab5d03c0c6290e04e0df6d09a0 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/62c182b5e763e5f4062e72678e72ce3e02dd4d1b https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/01c2dcb67e71c351006dd17cbba86c26b7f61eaf https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dec944bb7079b37968cf69c8a438f91f15c4cc61 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e54abefe703ab7c4e5983e889babd1447738ca42 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff0e50d3564f33b7f4b35cadeabd951d66cfc570 •